Q1.
With reference to the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in India, consider the following statements:
1. GST is a multi-stage, origin-based indirect tax.
2. Exports are zero-rated under the GST regime.
3. The GST system allows seamless credit across the supply chain.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
Q2.
Which of the following are considered shortcomings of the current GST regime in India?
1. Refunds under officer-led GST processes are delayed.
2. Frequent rate changes increase procedural complexity.
3. IGST refunds take more than 3 months to process.
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
Q3.
Regarding Geographical Indications (GI), consider the following statements:
1. GI tags can be sold or transferred like trademarks.
2. They offer perpetual protection and need no renewal.
3. Kolhapuri Chappals have GI recognition in India.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
A. 3 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 2 and 3 only
________________________________________
Q4.
Which of the following pollutants are secondary in nature?
1. Ammonium sulphate
2. Sulphur dioxide (SO₂)
3. Ammonium nitrate
4. Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 3 only
B. 2 and 4 only
C. 1, 3 and 4 only
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
________________________________________
Q5.
The QUAD Sea Ship Observer Mission is primarily aimed at:
A. Building a permanent QUAD naval base in the Indo-Pacific
B. Conducting joint air exercises among QUAD air forces
C. Promoting cross-embarkation of coast guard officers for maritime synergy
D. Facilitating military-grade arms transfer among QUAD nations
________________________________________
Q6.
In the context of new materials in electronics, which of the following statements about Altermagnets is/are correct?
1. Altermagnets exhibit external net magnetism.
2. They show both p-type and n-type conductivity based on direction.
3. CrSb is the first known altermagnet with Direction-Dependent Conduction Polarity (DDCP).
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 2 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
Q7.
GOSAT-GW Satellite launched by Japan is significant because:
1. It monitors both greenhouse gases and water cycles.
2. It is the first Indian-Japanese joint space mission.
3. It continues the legacy of the GOSAT series for climate monitoring.
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
Q8.
Which of the following are correct regarding the Akash Air Defence System?
1. It is a supersonic surface-to-air missile.
2. It is indigenously developed under Make in India.
3. It can intercept both ballistic and cruise missiles.
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
Q9.
The newly discovered plant species Begonia nyishiorum is significant because:
1. It is found only in Arunachal Pradesh.
2. It is the first begonia species found in India.
3. It shows unique crimson-fringed petioles not found in other begonias.
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
Q10.
With reference to Kombucha, consider the following statements:
1. It is a fermented drink rich in probiotics and polyphenols.
2. It can modulate gut microbiota positively in obese individuals.
3. It contains no alcohol and is non-carbonated.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3

SOLUTIONS

Q1.
With reference to the PM-POSHAN Scheme, consider the following statements:
1. It was launched to replace the National Food Security Act.
2. It is a centrally sponsored scheme with 60:40 cost sharing between Centre and States.
3. It covers students from Classes 1 to 12 in all government and government-aided schools.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
Q2.
Consider the following initiatives under the PM-POSHAN scheme:
1. Nutrition gardens
2. IT-based monitoring
3. Social audit mechanisms
4. Inclusion of millets in tribal regions
Which of the above are officially encouraged under the scheme?
A. 1, 2 and 4 only
B. 2, 3 and 4 only
C. 1, 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
________________________________________
Q3.
Which of the following correctly describes the aim of the WHO “3 by 35” initiative?
A. To reduce NCD-related deaths by 35% in 3 years
B. To raise the real prices of harmful products by 50% by 2035
C. To ensure 3% of GDP is spent on public health by 2035
D. To create 35 model health districts in 3 countries
________________________________________
Q4.
With reference to Variable Rate Reverse Repo (VRRR), consider the following statements:
1. It is used by the RBI to inject liquidity into the banking system.
2. It is conducted at a fixed interest rate notified by the RBI.
3. It is part of the RBI’s liquidity management framework.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1 and 3 only
________________________________________
Q5.
The “Status of Youth in Agrifood Systems Report,” recently released by FAO, highlighted which of the following?
1. Global youth food insecurity has decreased in the past decade.
2. Eliminating NEET status among 20–24-year-olds could boost global GDP.
3. Rural youth face increased vulnerability due to climate change.
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
Q6.
With reference to the Aluminium Vision Document released by the Government of India, which of the following is/are its stated goals?
1. Increase aluminium production capacity six-fold by 2047
2. Promote aluminium as a strategic mineral for clean energy
3. Reduce India’s aluminium recycling rate to promote mining jobs
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
Q7.
Consider the following features of the Code of Conduct for college teachers:
1. Promoting active participation in political movements
2. Maintaining respectful online behaviour
3. Ensuring research integrity and anti-plagiarism compliance
Which of the above are included in the draft guidelines?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
Q8.
Alluri Sitarama Raju, recently commemorated, is associated with which of the following?
A. Kheda Satyagraha
B. Bardoli Movement
C. Rampa Rebellion
D. Quit India Movement
________________________________________
Q9.
With reference to the Chautal rhythm in Indian classical music, consider the following statements:
1. It is played in a 12-beat cycle and commonly used in dhrupad compositions.
2. The primary instrument used is tabla.
3. It emphasizes improvisation and spiritual depth.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
Q10.
India’s first Equine Disease-Free Compartment (EDFC), recently recognized by WOAH, was established at:
A. ICAR – National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar
B. Remount Veterinary Corps (RVC), Meerut
C. National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal
D. National Institute of Animal Health, Pune

SOLUTIONS

🧠 1.
With reference to the National Biobank launched under the Phenome India initiative, consider the following statements:
1. It collects genomic and clinical data from over 1 lakh individuals annually.
2. It is modeled on the UK Biobank but customised for India’s genetic diversity.
3. It will support development of indigenous CRISPR therapies in India.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
⚛️ 2.
Which of the following correctly distinguishes Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) from other reactor types?
A. They use enriched uranium as fuel and heavy water as coolant.
B. They use natural uranium and require frequent shutdown for refuelling.
C. They allow online refuelling and use heavy water as both moderator and coolant.
D. They are based on thorium breeding cycle and use molten salt as coolant.
________________________________________
🦠 3.
Nipah virus can be transmitted through which of the following routes?
1. Eating fruits contaminated by bat saliva
2. Consuming pasteurised cow’s milk
3. Direct exposure to body fluids of infected persons
4. Airborne aerosol transmission over long distances
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1, 3 and 4 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 4 only
D. 1, 2 and 3 only
________________________________________
🌾 4.
Regarding the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, consider the following:
1. It legally binds signatory countries to share all plant germplasm through bilateral agreements.
2. It recognizes and protects Farmers’ Rights including seed saving and exchange.
3. It is associated with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
Which of the statements is/are correct?
A. 2 and 3 only
B. 1 and 2 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
🏛️ 5.
Consider the following pairs regarding the ancient city Penico:
Feature Description
1. Located in coastal Colombia
2. Known for ceremonial architecture and trade hub role
3. Contemporary to Egypt and Sumerian Bronze Age
Which of the pairs are correctly matched?
A. 1 and 3 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 2 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
🌐 6.
In the context of the 17th BRICS Summit, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Indonesia became the first Southeast Asian country to join BRICS.
2. The summit was held in Rio de Janeiro and adopted a declaration promoting reforms in WTO and IMF.
3. BRICS originally started as a formal international treaty signed in 2001 by five countries.
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
🗺️ 7.
The Seine River, recently reopened for swimming, flows through which of the following regions in France?
1. Burgundy
2. Île-de-France
3. Normandy
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
🧬 8.
Which of the following objectives are associated with India’s National Biobank initiative?
1. Support personalised medicine based on genome profiling
2. Develop treatments for rare genetic diseases and lifestyle disorders
3. Share India’s genomic data with multilateral treaty bodies under WHO
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
⚛️ 9.
Which of the following are unique features of India’s 700 MWe indigenous PHWRs?
1. Use of light water as coolant and heavy water as moderator
2. Online refuelling without shutting down the reactor
3. Twin fast shutdown systems and passive heat removal
4. Entirely based on imported reactor design and fuel supply
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1, 2 and 4 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1, 3 and 4 only
D. 2, 3 and 4 only
________________________________________
🌾 10.
Consider the following provisions under the Plant Treaty:
1. Multilateral system of access to 64 food crops
2. Global Information System to share genetic data
3. Legally mandated sharing of all native seeds with FAO, overriding domestic laws
Which of the above is/are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3s

SOLUTIONS

Q1.
With reference to the “Battery Passport Framework” being developed in India, which of the following features are correct?
1. Provides unique digital identity for each EV battery
2. Enables real-time tracking across its lifecycle
3. Mandates blockchain integration for battery reuse
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
Q2.
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory, recently in news, is designed to:
A. Track gravitational waves from neutron star collisions
B. Monitor cosmic background radiation fluctuations
C. Create dynamic maps of the universe and detect near-Earth objects
D. Study solar flares and space weather phenomena
________________________________________
Q3.
Which of the following technologies enables access to the Dark Web?
A. VPN over IPv6
B. The Onion Router (Tor)
C. DNSSEC-enabled Browser
D. Satellite Internet Network
________________________________________
Q4.
With reference to Dark Web operations, what does the term “Level-4 Vendor” indicate?
A. A state-authorized seller of crypto-based services
B. A dark web forum administrator
C. A highly trusted seller based on volume and reputation
D. A vendor licensed by law enforcement for digital surveillance
________________________________________
Q5.
Japonica Rice, recently in news, was genetically edited to improve:
A. Nitrogen fixation
B. Drought resistance
C. Phosphate uptake
D. Salinity tolerance
________________________________________
Q6.
The CRISPR-edited japonica rice variety used which of the following approaches?
A. Insertion of phosphorus-efficient genes from maize
B. RNA silencing of entire phosphate transporter
C. Knockout of 30 bp repressor binding site
D. Full gene deletion via bacterial transduction
________________________________________
Q7.
Consider the following statements regarding the UAE Golden Visa scheme:
1. It offers lifetime residency without any property or business investment.
2. It requires a UAE sponsor or employer for visa approval.
3. It has recently introduced a nomination-based system for Indians.
Which of the above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2 and 3
________________________________________
Q8.
The National Overseas Scholarship Scheme, administered by the Ministry of Social Justice, provides assistance for:
A. Undergraduate and postgraduate education in India’s central universities
B. Vocational training for SC and ST youth in India
C. Master’s and Ph.D. studies abroad for marginalized communities
D. Teacher training for Kendriya Vidyalaya faculty
________________________________________
Q9.
Which of the following rivers form borders or flow through Namibia?
1. Kunene
2. Okavango
3. Orange
4. Congo
Select the correct answer using the code below:
A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1, 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, 3 and 4
________________________________________
Q10.
The Namib Desert, often mentioned in global geography, is:
A. A monsoonal desert in Southeast Asia
B. Located along the eastern coast of Africa
C. Known for its age, uranium reserves, and hyper-arid conditions
D. A cold desert formed by the rain shadow of the Himalayas

SOLUTIONS